The Web Ontology LANGUAGE (short OWL) is a specification of the W3C, in order Ontologien on the basis a formal specification language provide, publish and to distribute to be able. It concerns to describe terms of a domain and their relations formally in such a way that also software (agent) the meaning it processes ("“understands"”) can (to be able). OWL is thus a substantial component of the Semantic Web initiative of Tim Berners Lee. OWL be based technically on the RDF syntax and historically on DAML+OIL, and goes thereby beyond the expression power of RDF pattern far. Additionally to RDF and RDF pattern further Sprachkonstrukte is introduced, which permits it to formulate expressions similarly the predicate calculus.

Abbreviation

The acronym for Web Ontology LANGUAGE would actually have had to be WOL, not OWL. In reference on the literary figure of the owl from Milnes Pu the bear, which could write their name as an only animal in the forest (and writes the same however with a letter turner in the English original WOL instead of OWL), became this letter turner in reverse for the OWL taken over.

Language levels: Lite, DL and Full

OWL comes along in three different versions. In addition the language levels OWL Lite, OWL DL and OWL Full were defined. For the employment of OWL Lite/DL restrictions were defined, which the development of Tools to facilitate and/or complete inference possible to make be supposed.

OWL Lite

The "“Light version"” was created with the goal of creating a subset of the language which can be implemented simply. It serves particularly for creating simple taxonomies and easily axiomatisierter Ontologien. Various Sprachkonstrukte from OWL DL was omitted.

OWL DL

This is the level, whose semantics near-hands still earliest on DAML+OIL. DL stands for SHOIN for the description logic (description logic) \ mathcal {} (D), which is equivalent to a decidable subset of the predicate calculus of first stage. In order to ensure the image barness on this logic, various restrictions for the employment were inserted by RDFS Konstrukten, for example may be a class not instance of another class.

OWL Full

OWL Full consists of the same Sprachkonstrukten as OWL DL, does however without the restrictions. Thus the Ontologien is unentscheidbar, can make for it however descriptor-logical expressions possible of higher degree.

Sprachkonstrukte

The specification extends the meaning of RDF and RDF pattern by further Konstrukte to partly also limit in order to increase expression power (or to reach around Entscheidbarkeit).

OWL differentiates between classes, characteristics (properties) and instances. Classes stand for concepts. They can possess characteristics. Instances are individuals of one or several classes.

Concerning classes

• <owl: class>
• <owl: oneOf>
• <owl: unionOf>
• <owl: intersectionOf>
• ...

Concerning Properties

• <owl: Restriction>
• <owl: allValuesFrom>
• <owl: someValuesFrom>
• ...

Concerning instances

Example

The example describes the concepts <Person>, <Gender> and <Woman>. Woman is defined, as one <Person> with the value <female> in the Property <gender>, which must belong to the class <Gender>. The instance <STilgner> is thus as <Person> described a woman (<Woman>). By means of inference this affiliation can be determined.

<rdf: RDF xmlns: rdf= of " http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns # " xmlns: rdfs= " http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema # " xmlns: owl= " http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl # " xmlns: j.0= " http://localhost:8080/OWLBuergerInformation.owl # " > </rdf: RDF> 

Tools

Since the OWL specification is relatively new, at present few Tools.Die number exist however constantly rise. Many are also freely available (open SOURCE).

general tools

• Jena Framework of HP lab HP lab Semantic Web Research
• Eclipse Plugin with editor, Validator,"… SWeDE Eclipse Plugin
• Semantic Works 2006 of Altova Altova

Validating

• OWL Ontologie Validator (classifies OWL DL and OWL Full) OWL Validator in OWL Lite,

Inference

• RACER OWL Reasoner
• FACT
• FACT++ open SOURCE OWL Reasoner
• Pellet open SOURCE OWL Reasoner
• KAON2 OWL Reasoner with strengths with large instance quantities

Other one

• Protege Ontologie editor with OWL Plugin
• KAON2 OWL Tools

See also

• Semantic Web
• Ontologie (computer science)
• RDF
• Description logic
• F-Logic
• FOAF

Related links

• OWL Technical report of the W3C
• Ontology engineering with the OWL Plugin

Articles in category "Web Ontology LANGUAGE"

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Related Websites

We found here 4 related websites.

• OWL Web Ontology Language Overview
  Part of the OWL W3C specification. Introduction of vocabulary and examples.


• OWL Web Ontology Language Reference
  Detailed description of the OWL W3C specification.


• W3C Web-Ontology Working Group
  OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax ... The Editor's Draft of the OWL Web Ontology Language 1.0 Reference contains Appendix D which ...


• Web Ontology Language OWL / W3C Semantic Web Activity
  A. OWL is a Web Ontology language. Where earlier languages have been used to ... The OWL Web Ontology Language is designed for use by applications that need ...