Trace route is a diagnostic tool, with which can be determined, over which IP-routs packets up to the goal host is mediated.

Trace route sends in addition several times packages beginning with a changed and in each case around 1 increased time-ton-live (TTL), with 1, to the target system. Routs if a package with TTL=1 receives and if it would have to mediate, it rejects it and sends the ICMP answer type 11: Time-ton-live exceeded and code 0: Time to Live exceeded in transit to the sender with its address back. The goal host sends against it the ICMP away answer type 3 Destination Unreachable, code 3 haven Unreachable. The sum of in such a way collected addresses marks the way to the goal by Netz.Der way back is usually identical, can however with asymmetrical Routing differently run.

The result of trace route does not show always the actual way. It affected by Firewalls, incorrect implementations of the IP stack, network ADDRESS translation, IP tunnels or the choice of another path with network overloading and other factors.

Under Unix usually also traceroute6 exists on systems beside trace route. Under Windows trace route is implemented as tracert.exe, starting from Windows 2000 also as Pathping.

Windows Traceroute sends according to standard ICMP packages, Unix Traceroute works with UDP packages. With TCP packages only special programs Tcptraceroute or LFT (Layer4-Traceroute) e.g. work. All these trace route implementations are however dependent on the returning ICMP packages.

Example

$ trace route wikipedia.de trace route ton wikipedia.de (130.94.122.197), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 fli4l.Netz1 (192.168.0.1) 0,765 ms 0,651 ms 0,497 ms 2 217.5.98.7 (217.5.98.7) 14,499 ms 14,648 ms 21,394 ms 3 217.237.152.46 (217.237.152.46) 14,831 ms 13,655 ms 13,403 ms 4 62.154.14.134 (62.154.14.134) 118,090 ms 119,522 ms 119,665 ms 5 p16-1-0-3.r20.asbnva01.us.bb.verio.net (129.250.9.141) 117,004 ms 117,370 ms 117,073 ms 6 p64-0-0-0.r21.asbnva01.us.bb.verio.net (129.250.2.35) 119,105 ms 119,284 ms 119,206 ms 7 p16-0-1-2.r20.plalca01.us.bb.verio.net (129.250.2.192) 180,035 ms 195,498 ms 178,704 ms 8 p16-1-0-0.r06.plalca01.us.bb.verio.net (129.250.3.81) 177,280 ms 177,263 ms 176,692 ms 9 p4-0-3-0.r00.sndgca01.us.bb.verio.net (129.250.3.10) 194,322 ms 193,477 ms 193,743 ms 10 ge-1-1.a03.sndgca01.us.da.verio.net (129.250.27.84) 192,527 ms 193,003 ms 192,464 ms 11 Pliny.wikipedia.org (130.94.122.197) 192,604 ms 193,875 ms 194,254 ms 

Related links

• http://serversniff.de/ and http://clez.net/net.traceroute on-line interface for TCP, UDP, ICMP and Layer4-Traceroutes
• http://www.visualroute.com/ visual trace route (commercial) with on-line demo
• http://www.traceroute.org/ compilation of many on-line Traceroutes to countries

Articles in category "Trace route"

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