The semantic Web (English Semantic Web) is an extension of the World Wide Web (WWW) around machine-readable data, which formally specify the semantics of contents. The concept is based on a suggestion of the www founder Tim Berners Lee.

Information is to be represented additionally to for humans readable the form also formally, in a form processable for machines, so that programs can operate on it so that inquiries can be worked on due to their meaning contents in place of their way of writing.

The word by word translation refers "“semantic net"” to a relationship with the theory of the semantic networks (semantic networks), it concerns however a concrete specification loose of a distributed semantic net.

Ontologien

The list of new publications of the HTML/XML sides in the Web happens e.g. by means of knowledge /Ontologie such as RDF or the Web based on it Ontology LANGUAGE (OWL). Background is that on the one hand better categorization possibilities are available e.g. (the meaning of Www on the left of by the list of new publications becomes clearly: Does this lead left to homepage of the author of the Does the left lead to a superordinate Does the left have perhaps completely different character, like it e.g. "“announcing"” - left with Wikis on the other hand conclusions become possible with the list of new publications (example: The list of new publications of the web page means that it is occupied with "“football"”; from the underlying Ontologie it follows that the term "“football"” represents a "“kind of sport"”; accordingly it concerns on the Website thus also sport, although explicitly directly in the meta data does not emerge). With appropriate of the list of new publications a high degree of automatic processing can be reached, then it would be e.g. conceivable that a "“search machine"” in the semantic net even inquiries of the kind "“like many gates has soccer player X in the year 1998 to directly answer can.

RDF and XML

Often the term of the Semantic Webs is brought only in connection with RDF, although the vision of the Semantic Webs naturally does not exclude different representations. According to the article of Berners Lee et. aluminium in the Scientific American (2001-05) is the Semantic Web an extension of the conventional Webs, in which information will provide with clear meanings, in order to facilitate the work between humans and machine: "“The Semantic Web is extension OF the current Web in which information is given on wave defined meaning, more better enabling computer and people ton work in cooperation"” (ebenda).

RDF as honor language for meta data be based on so-called triples or statements out subject, predicate (or property) and object, which is to be seen as extension to key-VALUE-pair (German pairs of key values). While pairs of key VALUEs can assign only to any characteristic any value (e.g. contact address = examining race) can with a Tripel on semantic kind an object, a concept or a value with another in relationship are set. An example of such Tripel is examining race is contact address of max sample man, here is examining race the subject, is contact address of the descriptor and max sample man the object (see also German grammar of simple sentences). Arbitrary resources (typically web pages) become certain values, like e.g. Author, provision date assigned, whereby evenly the URL of the web page finally represents the subject, the characteristic "“author"” the descriptor and the name of the author the object. There ideal-proves for the characteristics well-known and widespread vocabulary is used, as e.g. Dublin core element set (DC), which clear URIs for the most important meta data types makes available, are the information of in such a way distinguished resources also for computer programs as meta data identifiably and according to interpretably, thus e.g. an author as evenly such.

The concept of these RDF of triples is strong at Conceptual of graph (CG) (John F. Sowa) ajar, which was published 1976 (see). The concept of the Conceptual of graph however too little formally and too inaccurately proved. The optimal serialization of RDF based descriptions is not a trivial problem, so that on the one hand constantly simpler notations are invented, like e.g. N3 and N4, and on the other hand a far spreading not today on tomorrow take place. This complication is to be seen also hand in hand with a missing immediate "“reward"” of the troubles of a meta data honor. The World Wide Web grew v. A. so fast, because HTML is simple and the publication of the same is recompenced by an immediate, world-wide availability in the Web. The Semantic Web as well as RDF/OWL were compiled and standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), thus also exactly these technologies experience most spreading. Similar concepts for the knowledge representation are e.g. the XML Topic map. Their semantics is clearly comprehensible due to their simple XML structure also for humans. To be able to begin XML Topic map production around it in a bibliografischen surrounding field, which entails a very powerful expression strength of the XML syntax.

Projects with purchase to the semantic Web

Techniques of the Semantic Web begin themselves to intersperse only slowly and partly. Sample applications are:

• The Annotea project
• FOAF - Friend OF A Friend
• Description OF A Career
• W3Photo Project
• Travel portal allIknow.net
• The Metaweb project
• The Koppensteiner project
• Piggy bank an extension for the Firefox Browser
• The SmartWeb project, a co-operation of German research institutes and enterprise promoted by the BMBF
• SPARKLING WINE project, by the European Union promoted a "“integrated project"” (IP),
• WYMIWYG KnoBot, an open SOURCE CMS and Aggregator for decentralized information selection and relevance judgements.
• Dropping Knowledge, attempt of a global dialogue by means of semantic technology
• Infrawebs, a project for the development of open Web services on basis of Semantic Web technology, promoted by the European Union
• Structured Blogging - can by Metaangaben at Agregatordienste will pass on.

See also

• Web 2.0

Literature

• Grigoris Antoniou, franc van Harmelen: A Semantic Web primer. The WITH press, 2004, ISBN 0-262-01210-3
• Tim Berners Lee, James Hendler, Ora leaving: My computer understands me. In: Spektrum der Wissenschaft, August 2001, P. 42-49
• Michael C. Daconta, Leo J. Obrst, Kevin T. Smith: The Semantic Web: A Guide ton the Future OF XML, Web services, and Knowledge management. John Wiley & Sons, 2003, ISBN 0-471-43257-1
• John Davies, Dieter Fensel, franc van Harmelen: Towards the Semantic Web: Ontology Driven Knowledge management. John Wiley & Sons, 2003, ISBN 0-470-84867-7
• Dieter Fensel, Wolfgang Wahlster, Henry Lieberman, James Hendler: Spinning the Semantic Web: Bringing the World Wide Web ton of Its Full potential. WITH press, 2003, ISBN 0-262-06232-1
• Vladimir Geroimenko, Chaomei Chen: Visualizing the Semantic Web. Springer publishing house, 2003, ISBN 1-85233-576-9
• Bo Leuf: The Semantic Web. Crafting Infrastructure for Agents. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-470-01522-5
• Tassilo Pellegrini, Andreas Blumauer (Hrsg.): Semantic Web. Ways to the interlaced knowledge company Springer publishing house, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-540-29324-8 - review
• Steffen Staab, Rudi Studer: Handbook on Ontologies. Springer publishing house, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-540-40834-7

Articles in category "Semantic Web"

We found here 15 articles.

Related Websites

We found here 4 related websites.

• Semantic Web roadmap
  An attempt to give a high-level plan of the architecture of the Semantic Web by Tim Berners-Lee.


• The Semantic Web: An Introduction
  A gentle introduction to RDF and the Semantic Web by Sean B. Palmer.


• W3C Semantic Web
  Incubator Group to Explore Semantic Web for Multimedia Content 2006-05-05 W3C is ... The Semantic Web Activity is a successor to the W3C Metadata Activity. ...


• W3C Semantic Web Activity Statement
  The W3C Semantic Web Activity has been established to serve a leadership role, in both the design...