Internet radio (calls Web radio often also inaccurately) one calls a Internet-based offer at radio endings. The transmission takes place i.d.R. as Streaming audio; for use appropriate Streaming Clients is necessary.

Only one and secondaryworth

Native Internet transmitters

When one designates Internet Broadcaster (English Internet more broadcaster) an Internet "“transmitter"”, which sends at least either only in the Internet or in the Internet accomplishes its Erstverwertung and to other stations sells parts of the program then later (Syndication).

Internet Broadcasting (English Internet broadcasting) differs from conventional transmitters particularly by the listener number smaller compared with conventional stations. An example are university transmitters, which make their programs available over Internet. In these cases the term Web radio is used also synonymously for the offerer or the program.

Such small, sometimes also only Web radios operated by private people often move in a legal gray area. In particular they do not have the necessary frequently rights, in order to send in copyright matters protected music (GEMA and society compares for the utilization of achievement patent rights (GVL)).

Regular

The Internet radio is used of numerous radio transmitters as alternative transmission technique for a secondary utilization of its programs. The receipt is to be made possible so also for listeners, that can receive the program neither terrestrial nor over satellite.

Radio in the Internet for example the German public broadcasting stations offer, which want to reach master listeners outside of their transmission area, for example to emigrant or student with a foreign stay.

The transmission of current programs is supplemented frequently by archiving and supply of contributions sent in former times (audio on and and/or on-demand-Streaming).

Numerous German-language Radiosender offer at least parts of their programs via liveStreaming over Internet.

Technology

Streaming

For decrease over Internet data set which can be transferred always lossy audio compression procedures are inserted such as MP3, Ogg Vorbis or material the audio (see Streaming formats); for the Encodierung various high-specialized Streaming codecs are available. The main requirement of such special Streaming codecs is as strong a data compression as possible during the Streaming data formats also additional information (e.g. meta data, advertisement, control information etc.) contained must.

The transmission is made by means of special Streaming minutes (liveStreaming) or by the file transmission protocols HTTP and ftp (on-demand-Streaming). The main requirement of special Streaming minutes is a high error tolerance, so that as at least as possible five per cent at package losses without view and/or audible quality losses can be compensated.

Distribution

The distribution of the Streams can take place central or decentralized by p2p-Technologie. While with the central distribution the technical or financial requirements are high, the p2p-Technik offers a simple and economical possibility due to the small range need with the transmitter of producing Web radio. Perhaps unfavorably with the p2p-Technik is unsteady data flow. The most well-known software producers within this range are Peercast and Flatcast.

Internet radio versus conventional sound broadcasting

Internet radio differs particularly by the following central of aspects from traditional sound broadcasting:

Distribution and range:

Contrary to the conventional Broadcasting that limits Internet the maximum number of at the same time possible recipients by the available range. Solutions are multicast Streaming as well as the use of special Streaming services of offerers such as Akamai. Conventional broadcast offers have against it a distribution form, which is limited by the physical range of the transmitter. On the other hand Internetradiosender is receiptable in the entire Internet.

Number of simultaneous transmitters:

In the conventional broadcast frequency scarceness prevails; this restriction is void with the Internet radio, where for an unlimited period in principle many offers parallel "“sent"” to become to be able.

Internet-specific differences:

Internet radio is not limited on the secondary using or archiving of existing programs; numerous new formats and technologies were developed; see for this Webcasting, Netcasting, Narrowcasting and Broadcatch.

Lizenzierung and costs:

for the enterprise of an Internet radio no operating licenses are necessary contrary to the conventional broadcast. However very high costs of GEMA and GVL result e.g. in Germany, if the Internet radio plays commercial music. Further costs result for the Traffic (the transferred volume of data).

History and development

Already 1995 organized at that time the again created info radio Berlin Brandenburg of ORB and SFB together with the technical University of Berlin the Streaming service info radio on and.

A similar project accomplished the Southwestern German Broadcasting Corporation. Here a part of Southwestern German Broadcasting Corporation transmission archives was digitized. In the middle of 1995 word and music contributions were already present over 190.000 hours.

The medium public became on Streaming Media around 1998 attentively, in the bloom time that new Economy thus. It used a kind of automatic course obligation, for example began numerous to streamen parts of their programs simply because others also did it.

At the end of of 2002, thus in the middle in the crisis of the commercial Internet use, started America Online the exclusive radio program Broadband Radio@AOL for its broadband customers; AOL used not the Streamingtechnik of the strategic partner material networks, but used one of zero often programmed self-development named Ultravox; Zero often 1999 had been taken over together with Spinner.com of AOL.

In the year 2005 the German RapidSolution software AG publishes the first German-language software solution, which zero often avails itself that Shoutcast data base. With version 1.4 radio tracker streamt at the same time as the first solution of its kind among utilization of the DSL range up to 99 Internet radio stations and/or music pieces.

Offerer

It becomes estimated that alone in Germany between 2000 and 2500 Internet radio stations exist. As also with the terrestrial Radiosendern many sections and kinds of music are served.

See in addition the article: Internet radio offerer (contains a list with German and English-language Internet radios).

Radios

There are already pure Internet radios in the trade Golem.de: "„Kitchen radio plays music off by WLAN "“clean hoeren.de: Allnet presents Web radio.

See also

• Internet PC

Sources

Related links

• "“New regulation of charges. Out for Web (Golem.de)
• Guidance Internet radio enterprise by the example Mac from Mac Life 11/05
• RA Krasemann: Legal problems with the enterprise of an Internet radio
• Streaming radio Client build

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We found here 9 articles.

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